ko01100 Metabolic pathways ko01110 Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites ko01120 Microbial metabolism in diverse environments ko01200 Carbon metabolism ko01210 2-Oxocarboxylic acid metabolism ko01212 Fatty acid metabolism ko01230 Biosynthesis of amino acids ko01232 Nucleotide metabolism ko01250 Biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars ko01240 Biosynthesis of cofactors ko01220 Degradation of aromatic compounds ko01310 Nitrogen cycle ko00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis ko00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) ko00030 Pentose phosphate pathway ko00040 Pentose and glucuronate interconversions ko00051 Fructose and mannose metabolism ko00052 Galactose metabolism ko00053 Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism ko00500 Starch and sucrose metabolism ko00520 Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism ko00620 Pyruvate metabolism ko00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism ko00640 Propanoate metabolism ko00650 Butanoate metabolism ko00660 C5-Branched dibasic acid metabolism ko00562 Inositol phosphate metabolism ko00190 Oxidative phosphorylation ko00195 Photosynthesis ko00196 Photosynthesis - antenna proteins ko00710 Carbon fixation by Calvin cycle ko00720 Other carbon fixation pathways ko00680 Methane metabolism ko00910 Nitrogen metabolism ko00920 Sulfur metabolism ko00061 Fatty acid biosynthesis ko00062 Fatty acid elongation ko00071 Fatty acid degradation ko00073 Cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis ko00074 Mycolic acid biosynthesis ko00100 Steroid biosynthesis ko00120 Primary bile acid biosynthesis ko00121 Secondary bile acid biosynthesis ko00140 Steroid hormone biosynthesis ko00561 Glycerolipid metabolism ko00564 Glycerophospholipid metabolism ko00565 Ether lipid metabolism ko00600 Sphingolipid metabolism ko00590 Arachidonic acid metabolism ko00591 Linoleic acid metabolism ko00592 alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism ko01040 Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids ko00230 Purine metabolism ko00240 Pyrimidine metabolism ko00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism ko00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism ko00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolism ko00280 Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation ko00290 Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis ko00300 Lysine biosynthesis ko00310 Lysine degradation ko00220 Arginine biosynthesis ko00330 Arginine and proline metabolism ko00340 Histidine metabolism ko00350 Tyrosine metabolism ko00360 Phenylalanine metabolism ko00380 Tryptophan metabolism ko00400 Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis ko00410 beta-Alanine metabolism ko00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism ko00440 Phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism ko00450 Selenocompound metabolism ko00460 Cyanoamino acid metabolism ko00470 D-Amino acid metabolism ko00480 Glutathione metabolism ko00510 N-Glycan biosynthesis ko00513 Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis ko00512 Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis ko00515 Mannose type O-glycan biosynthesis ko00514 Other types of O-glycan biosynthesis ko00532 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - chondroitin sulfate / dermatan sulfate ko00534 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - heparan sulfate / heparin ko00533 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate ko00531 Glycosaminoglycan degradation ko00563 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis ko00601 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lacto and neolacto series ko00603 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo and isoglobo series ko00604 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglio series ko00511 Other glycan degradation ko00540 Lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis ko00542 O-Antigen repeat unit biosynthesis ko00541 O-Antigen nucleotide sugar biosynthesis ko00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesis ko00552 Teichoic acid biosynthesis ko00571 Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis ko00572 Arabinogalactan biosynthesis - Mycobacterium ko00543 Exopolysaccharide biosynthesis ko00730 Thiamine metabolism ko00740 Riboflavin metabolism ko00750 Vitamin B6 metabolism ko00760 Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism ko00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis ko00780 Biotin metabolism ko00785 Lipoic acid metabolism ko00790 Folate biosynthesis ko00670 One carbon pool by folate ko00830 Retinol metabolism ko00860 Porphyrin metabolism ko00130 Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis ko00900 Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis ko00902 Monoterpenoid biosynthesis ko00909 Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis ko00904 Diterpenoid biosynthesis ko00906 Carotenoid biosynthesis ko00905 Brassinosteroid biosynthesis ko00981 Insect hormone biosynthesis ko00908 Zeatin biosynthesis ko00903 Limonene degradation ko00907 Pinene, camphor and geraniol degradation ko01052 Type I polyketide structures ko00522 Biosynthesis of 12-, 14- and 16-membered macrolides ko01051 Biosynthesis of ansamycins ko01059 Biosynthesis of enediyne antibiotics ko01056 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide backbone ko01057 Biosynthesis of type II polyketide products ko00253 Tetracycline biosynthesis ko00523 Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis ko01054 Nonribosomal peptide structures ko01053 Biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides ko01055 Biosynthesis of vancomycin group antibiotics ko00940 Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis ko00945 Stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid and gingerol biosynthesis ko00941 Flavonoid biosynthesis ko00944 Flavone and flavonol biosynthesis ko00942 Anthocyanin biosynthesis ko00943 Isoflavonoid biosynthesis ko00946 Degradation of flavonoids ko00901 Indole alkaloid biosynthesis ko00403 Indole diterpene alkaloid biosynthesis ko00950 Isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis ko00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis ko00996 Biosynthesis of various alkaloids ko00232 Caffeine metabolism ko00965 Betalain biosynthesis ko00966 Glucosinolate biosynthesis ko00402 Benzoxazinoid biosynthesis ko00311 Penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis ko00332 Carbapenem biosynthesis ko00261 Monobactam biosynthesis ko00331 Clavulanic acid biosynthesis ko00521 Streptomycin biosynthesis ko00524 Neomycin, kanamycin and gentamicin biosynthesis ko00525 Acarbose and validamycin biosynthesis ko00401 Novobiocin biosynthesis ko00404 Staurosporine biosynthesis ko00405 Phenazine biosynthesis ko00333 Prodigiosin biosynthesis ko00254 Aflatoxin biosynthesis ko00998 Biosynthesis of various antibiotics ko00999 Biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites ko00997 Biosynthesis of various other secondary metabolites ko00362 Benzoate degradation ko00627 Aminobenzoate degradation ko00364 Fluorobenzoate degradation ko00625 Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation ko00361 Chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation ko00623 Toluene degradation ko00622 Xylene degradation ko00633 Nitrotoluene degradation ko00642 Ethylbenzene degradation ko00643 Styrene degradation ko00791 Atrazine degradation ko00930 Caprolactam degradation ko00363 Bisphenol degradation ko00621 Dioxin degradation ko00626 Naphthalene degradation ko00624 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation ko00365 Furfural degradation ko00984 Steroid degradation ko00980 Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 ko00982 Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450 ko00983 Drug metabolism - other enzymes ko03020 RNA polymerase ko03022 Basal transcription factors ko03040 Spliceosome ko03010 Ribosome ko00970 Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis ko03013 Nucleocytoplasmic transport ko03015 mRNA surveillance pathway ko03008 Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes ko03060 Protein export ko04141 Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum ko04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport ko04120 Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis ko04122 Sulfur relay system ko03050 Proteasome ko03018 RNA degradation ko03030 DNA replication ko03410 Base excision repair ko03420 Nucleotide excision repair ko03430 Mismatch repair ko03440 Homologous recombination ko03450 Non-homologous end-joining ko03460 Fanconi anemia pathway ko03082 ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling ko03083 Polycomb repressive complex ko03230 Viral genome structure ko03240 Viral replication ko03250 Viral life cycle - HIV-1 ko03260 Virion - Human immunodeficiency virus ko03271 Virion - Rotavirus ko03262 Virion - Coronavirus ko03261 Virion - Influenza virus ko03263 Virion - Enterovirus ko03264 Virion - Flavivirus and Alphavirus ko03265 Virion - Ebolavirus, Lyssavirus and Morbillivirus ko03273 Virion - Lassa virus and SFTS virus ko03272 Virion - Hepatitis viruses ko03266 Virion - Herpesvirus ko03268 Virion - Orthopoxvirus ko03267 Virion - Adenovirus ko03259 Virion - Bacteriophages T4 and T7 ko03258 Virion - Bacteriophage lambda ko02010 ABC transporters ko02060 Phosphotransferase system (PTS) ko03070 Bacterial secretion system ko02020 Two-component system ko04010 MAPK signaling pathway ko04013 MAPK signaling pathway - fly ko04016 MAPK signaling pathway - plant ko04011 MAPK signaling pathway - yeast ko04012 ErbB signaling pathway ko04014 Ras signaling pathway ko04015 Rap1 signaling pathway ko04310 Wnt signaling pathway ko04330 Notch signaling pathway ko04340 Hedgehog signaling pathway ko04341 Hedgehog signaling pathway - fly ko04350 TGF-beta signaling pathway ko04390 Hippo signaling pathway ko04391 Hippo signaling pathway - fly ko04392 Hippo signaling pathway - multiple species ko04370 VEGF signaling pathway ko04371 Apelin signaling pathway ko04630 JAK-STAT signaling pathway ko04064 NF-kappa B signaling pathway ko04668 TNF signaling pathway ko04066 HIF-1 signaling pathway ko04068 FoxO signaling pathway ko04020 Calcium signaling pathway ko04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system ko04072 Phospholipase D signaling pathway ko04071 Sphingolipid signaling pathway ko04024 cAMP signaling pathway ko04022 cGMP-PKG signaling pathway ko04151 PI3K-Akt signaling pathway ko04152 AMPK signaling pathway ko04150 mTOR signaling pathway ko04075 Plant hormone signal transduction ko04080 Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction ko04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction ko04061 Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor ko04512 ECM-receptor interaction ko04514 Cell adhesion molecules ko04144 Endocytosis ko04145 Phagosome ko04142 Lysosome ko04146 Peroxisome ko04140 Autophagy - animal ko04138 Autophagy - yeast ko04136 Autophagy - other ko04137 Mitophagy - animal ko04139 Mitophagy - yeast ko04148 Efferocytosis ko04110 Cell cycle ko04111 Cell cycle - yeast ko04112 Cell cycle - Caulobacter ko04113 Meiosis - yeast ko04114 Oocyte meiosis ko04210 Apoptosis ko04214 Apoptosis - fly ko04215 Apoptosis - multiple species ko04216 Ferroptosis ko04217 Necroptosis ko04115 p53 signaling pathway ko04218 Cellular senescence ko04510 Focal adhesion ko04520 Adherens junction ko04530 Tight junction ko04540 Gap junction ko04550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells ko02024 Quorum sensing ko05111 Biofilm formation - Vibrio cholerae ko02025 Biofilm formation - Pseudomonas aeruginosa ko02026 Biofilm formation - Escherichia coli ko02030 Bacterial chemotaxis ko02040 Flagellar assembly ko04814 Motor proteins ko04820 Cytoskeleton in muscle cells ko04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton ko04640 Hematopoietic cell lineage ko04610 Complement and coagulation cascades ko04611 Platelet activation ko04613 Neutrophil extracellular trap formation ko04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway ko04624 Toll and Imd signaling pathway ko04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway ko04622 RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway ko04623 Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway ko04625 C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway ko04650 Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity ko04612 Antigen processing and presentation ko04660 T cell receptor signaling pathway ko04658 Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation ko04659 Th17 cell differentiation ko04657 IL-17 signaling pathway ko04662 B cell receptor signaling pathway ko04664 Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway ko04666 Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis ko04670 Leukocyte transendothelial migration ko04672 Intestinal immune network for IgA production ko04062 Chemokine signaling pathway ko04911 Insulin secretion ko04910 Insulin signaling pathway ko04922 Glucagon signaling pathway ko04923 Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes ko04920 Adipocytokine signaling pathway ko03320 PPAR signaling pathway ko04929 GnRH secretion ko04912 GnRH signaling pathway ko04913 Ovarian steroidogenesis ko04915 Estrogen signaling pathway ko04914 Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation ko04917 Prolactin signaling pathway ko04921 Oxytocin signaling pathway ko04926 Relaxin signaling pathway ko04935 Growth hormone synthesis, secretion and action ko04918 Thyroid hormone synthesis ko04919 Thyroid hormone signaling pathway ko04928 Parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion and action ko04916 Melanogenesis ko04924 Renin secretion ko04614 Renin-angiotensin system ko04925 Aldosterone synthesis and secretion ko04927 Cortisol synthesis and secretion ko04260 Cardiac muscle contraction ko04261 Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes ko04270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction ko04970 Salivary secretion ko04971 Gastric acid secretion ko04972 Pancreatic secretion ko04976 Bile secretion ko04973 Carbohydrate digestion and absorption ko04974 Protein digestion and absorption ko04975 Fat digestion and absorption ko04979 Cholesterol metabolism ko04977 Vitamin digestion and absorption ko04981 Folate transport and metabolism ko04980 Cobalamin transport and metabolism ko04978 Mineral absorption ko04962 Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption ko04960 Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption ko04961 Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption ko04964 Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation ko04966 Collecting duct acid secretion ko04724 Glutamatergic synapse ko04727 GABAergic synapse ko04725 Cholinergic synapse ko04728 Dopaminergic synapse ko04726 Serotonergic synapse ko04720 Long-term potentiation ko04730 Long-term depression ko04723 Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling ko04721 Synaptic vesicle cycle ko04722 Neurotrophin signaling pathway ko04744 Phototransduction ko04745 Phototransduction - fly ko04740 Olfactory transduction ko04742 Taste transduction ko04750 Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels ko04320 Dorso-ventral axis formation ko04360 Axon guidance ko04361 Axon regeneration ko04380 Osteoclast differentiation ko04211 Longevity regulating pathway ko04212 Longevity regulating pathway - worm ko04213 Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species ko04710 Circadian rhythm ko04713 Circadian entrainment ko04711 Circadian rhythm - fly ko04712 Circadian rhythm - plant ko04714 Thermogenesis ko04626 Plant-pathogen interaction ko05200 Pathways in cancer ko05202 Transcriptional misregulation in cancer ko05206 MicroRNAs in cancer ko05205 Proteoglycans in cancer ko05204 Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts ko05207 Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation ko05208 Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species ko05203 Viral carcinogenesis ko05230 Central carbon metabolism in cancer ko05231 Choline metabolism in cancer ko05235 PD-L1 expression and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer ko05210 Colorectal cancer ko05212 Pancreatic cancer ko05225 Hepatocellular carcinoma ko05226 Gastric cancer ko05214 Glioma ko05216 Thyroid cancer ko05221 Acute myeloid leukemia ko05220 Chronic myeloid leukemia ko05217 Basal cell carcinoma ko05218 Melanoma ko05211 Renal cell carcinoma ko05219 Bladder cancer ko05215 Prostate cancer ko05213 Endometrial cancer ko05224 Breast cancer ko05222 Small cell lung cancer ko05223 Non-small cell lung cancer ko05166 Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection ko05170 Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection ko05161 Hepatitis B ko05160 Hepatitis C ko05171 Coronavirus disease - COVID-19 ko05164 Influenza A ko05162 Measles ko05168 Herpes simplex virus 1 infection ko05163 Human cytomegalovirus infection ko05167 Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection ko05169 Epstein-Barr virus infection ko05165 Human papillomavirus infection ko05110 Vibrio cholerae infection ko05120 Epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection ko05130 Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection ko05132 Salmonella infection ko05131 Shigellosis ko05135 Yersinia infection ko05133 Pertussis ko05134 Legionellosis ko05150 Staphylococcus aureus infection ko05152 Tuberculosis ko05100 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells ko05146 Amoebiasis ko05144 Malaria ko05145 Toxoplasmosis ko05140 Leishmaniasis ko05142 Chagas disease ko05143 African trypanosomiasis ko05310 Asthma ko05322 Systemic lupus erythematosus ko05323 Rheumatoid arthritis ko05320 Autoimmune thyroid disease ko05321 Inflammatory bowel disease ko05330 Allograft rejection ko05332 Graft-versus-host disease ko05340 Primary immunodeficiency ko05010 Alzheimer disease ko05012 Parkinson disease ko05014 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ko05016 Huntington disease ko05017 Spinocerebellar ataxia ko05020 Prion disease ko05022 Pathways of neurodegeneration - multiple diseases ko05030 Cocaine addiction ko05031 Amphetamine addiction ko05032 Morphine addiction ko05033 Nicotine addiction ko05034 Alcoholism ko05417 Lipid and atherosclerosis ko05418 Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis ko05410 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ko05412 Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy ko05414 Dilated cardiomyopathy ko05415 Diabetic cardiomyopathy ko05416 Viral myocarditis ko04930 Type II diabetes mellitus ko04940 Type I diabetes mellitus ko04950 Maturity onset diabetes of the young ko04936 Alcoholic liver disease ko04932 Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ko04931 Insulin resistance ko04933 AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications ko04934 Cushing syndrome ko01501 beta-Lactam resistance ko01502 Vancomycin resistance ko01503 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance ko01521 EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance ko01524 Platinum drug resistance ko01523 Antifolate resistance ko01522 Endocrine resistance