ENTRY ko04621 Pathway NAME NOD-like receptor signaling pathway DESCRIPTION Specific families of pattern recognition receptors are responsible for detecting various pathogens and generating innate immune responses. The intracellular NOD-like receptor (NLR) family contains more than 20 members in mammals and plays a pivotal role in the recognition of intracellular ligands. NOD1 and NOD2, two prototypic NLRs, sense the cytosolic presence of the bacterial peptidoglycan fragments that escaped from endosomal compartments, driving the activation of NF-{kappa}B and MAPK, cytokine production and apoptosis. On the other hand, a different set of NLRs induces caspase-1 activation through the assembly of multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes. The activated of caspase-1 regulates maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1B, IL-18 and drives pyroptosis. CLASS Organismal Systems; Immune system PATHWAY_MAP ko04621 NOD-like receptor signaling pathway DRUG D05706 Raxibacumab (USAN/INN) ORTHOLOGY K01165 RNASEL; ribonuclease L K01363 CTSB; cathepsin B [EC:3.4.22.1] K01370 CASP1; caspase 1 [EC:3.4.22.36] K02161 BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 K02373 FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein K02406 fliC, hag; flagellin K02580 NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit K02581 NFKBIB; NF-kappa-B inhibitor beta K02861 RIPK1, RIP1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.1] K03156 TNF, TNFA; tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 2 K03173 TRAF2; TNF receptor-associated factor 2 [EC:2.3.2.27] K03174 TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 K03175 TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [EC:2.3.2.27] K03443 PANX1; pannexin 1 K03462 NAMPT; nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase [EC:2.4.2.12] K03671 TXN, trxA; thioredoxin K04079 HSP90A, htpG; molecular chaperone HtpG K04371 ERK, MAPK1_3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 [EC:2.7.11.24] K04394 CASP4, CASP11; caspase 4 [EC:3.4.22.57 3.4.22.64] K04395 CASP5; caspase 5 [EC:3.4.22.58] K04398 CASP8; caspase 8 [EC:3.4.22.61] K04403 MAP3K7IP1, TAB1; TAK1-binding protein 1 K04404 MAP3K7IP2, TAB2; TAK1-binding protein 2 K04427 MAP3K7, TAK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 [EC:2.7.11.25] K04440 JNK; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8/9/10 (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) [EC:2.7.11.24] K04441 P38; p38 MAP kinase [EC:2.7.11.24] K04448 JUN; transcription factor AP-1 K04467 IKBKA, IKKA, CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha [EC:2.7.11.10] K04513 RHOA; Ras homolog gene family, member A K04519 IL1B; interleukin 1 beta K04570 BCL2L1, bcl-xL; Bcl-2-like 1 (apoptosis regulator Bcl-X) K04612 CASR; calcium-sensing receptor K04622 GPRC6A; G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A K04693 IRF9, ISGF3G, P48; interferon regulatory factor 9 K04725 XIAP, BIRC4; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [EC:2.3.2.27] K04729 MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 K04733 IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 [EC:2.7.11.1] K04734 NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha K04735 RELA; transcription factor p65 K04741 CASP12; caspase 12 [EC:3.4.22.-] K04958 ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 K04959 ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 2 K04960 ITPR3; inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 3 K04971 TRPV2; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2 K04977 TRPM2; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 2 [EC:3.6.1.13] K04982 TRPM7, CHAK1; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 [EC:2.7.11.1] K05130 IFNAR1; interferon receptor 1 K05131 IFNAR2; interferon receptor 2 K05220 P2RX7; P2X purinoceptor 7 K05230 DEFA; defensin, alpha K05405 IL6; interleukin 6 K05410 TBK1; TANK-binding kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.10] K05411 IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 K05414 IFNA; interferon alpha K05415 IFNB; interferon beta K05482 IL18, IL1F4; interleukin 18 K05505 CXCL1_2_3, GRO; C-X-C motif chemokine 1/2/3 K05842 TRIF; toll-like receptor adapter molecule 1 K05858 PLCB; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C, beta [EC:3.1.4.11] K05862 VDAC1; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 1 K06030 MFN2, FZO1; mitofusin 2 [EC:3.6.5.-] K06068 PRKCD; novel protein kinase C delta type [EC:2.7.11.13] K06071 PKN1; serine/threonine-protein kinase N1 [EC:2.7.11.13] K06630 YWHAE; 14-3-3 protein epsilon K07209 IKBKB, IKKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [EC:2.7.11.10] K07210 IKBKG, IKKG, NEMO; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma K07211 IKBKE, IKKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [EC:2.7.11.10] K08009 CYBA, P22PHOX; cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide K08336 ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12 K08339 ATG5; autophagy-related protein 5 K08341 GABARAP, ATG8, LC3; GABA(A) receptor-associated protein K08598 yopJ; YopJ protease family K08645 lef; anthrax lethal toxin endopeptidase [EC:3.4.24.83] K08727 NOD1, CARD4; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 K08846 RIPK2; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 [EC:2.7.11.1] K08847 RIPK3; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 [EC:2.7.11.1] K09447 IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 K09849 TRAF5; TNF receptor-associated factor 5 K10030 IL8, CXCL8; interleukin 8 K10160 TLR4, CD284; toll-like receptor 4 K10165 NOD2, CARD15; nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 K10435 MAP1LC; microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain K10630 RBCK1, HOIL1; RanBP-type and C3HC4-type zinc finger-containing protein 1 [EC:2.3.2.31] K11030 pagA; protective antigen K11217 JAK1; Janus kinase 1 [EC:2.7.10.2] K11219 TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 [EC:2.7.10.2] K11220 STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 K11221 STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 K11859 TNFAIP3, A20, OTUD7C; tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3 [EC:3.4.19.12] K11864 BRCC3, BRCC36; BRCA1/BRCA2-containing complex subunit 3 [EC:3.4.19.-] K11974 RNF31, HOIP; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF31 [EC:2.3.2.31] K12499 CCL5; C-C motif chemokine 5 K12648 MAVS, IPS1; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein K12650 TANK; TRAF family member-associated NF-kappa-B activator K12653 NLRX1; NLR family member X1 K12654 STING1, TMEM173, MITA; stimulator of interferon genes protein K12792 TRIP6; thyroid receptor-interacting protein 6 K12793 MAP3K7IP3, TAB3; TAK1-binding protein 3 K12794 CARD9; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 K12795 SUGT1, SGT1; suppressor of G2 allele of SKP1 K12796 ERBIN, ERBB2IP; erbb2-interacting protein K12797 CARD6; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 6 K12798 NLRP1, CARD7; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1 K12799 PYCARD, ASC; apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD K12800 NLRP3, PYPAF1; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 K12801 CARD8, CARDINAL; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 K12802 PYDC1; pyrin domain-containing protein 1 K12803 MEFV; pyrin K12804 PSTPIP1; proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 1 K12805 NLRC4, CARD12; NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 K12806 CARD16_17_18; caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 16/17/18 K12807 NAIP, BIRC1; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 1 K12966 AIM2; absent in melanoma 2 K13916 CAMP, LL37; cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide K14139 IRGM, LRG47; immunity-related GTPase family M protein [EC:3.6.5.-] K14216 OAS; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase [EC:2.7.7.84] K14624 CCL2, MCP1; C-C motif chemokine 2 K15040 VDAC2; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 2 K15041 VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion channel protein 3 K15838 GPSM3, AGS4; G-protein signaling modulator 3 K16060 BIRC2_3; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2/3 K17065 DNM1L, DNM1; dynamin 1-like protein [EC:3.6.5.5] K17820 DHX33; ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX33 [EC:5.6.2.6] K17890 ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1 K20858 MCU; calcium uniporter protein, mitochondrial K20863 NLRP6, NALP6; NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 6 K20864 NLRP7, NALP7; 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