ENTRY ko00330 Pathway NAME Arginine and proline metabolism CLASS Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism PATHWAY_MAP ko00330 Arginine and proline metabolism MODULE M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:ko00330] M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:ko00330] M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:ko00330] M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:ko00330] M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:ko00330] M00136 GABA biosynthesis, prokaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:ko00330] M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:ko00330] M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:ko00330] M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:ko00330] DBLINKS GO: 0006525 0006560 ORTHOLOGY K00128 ALDH; aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC:1.2.1.3] K00137 prr; aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.19] K00147 proA; glutamate-5-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.41] K00149 ALDH9A1; aldehyde dehydrogenase family 9 member A1 [EC:1.2.1.47 1.2.1.3] K00273 DAO, aao; D-amino-acid oxidase [EC:1.4.3.3] K00274 MAO, aofH; monoamine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.4] K00286 proC; pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase [EC:1.5.1.2] K00294 E1.2.1.88; 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.88] K00296 nos; D-nopaline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.1.19] K00316 spdH; spermidine dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.99.6] K00318 PRODH, fadM, putB; proline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.2] K00472 P4HA; prolyl 4-hydroxylase [EC:1.14.11.2] K00491 nos; nitric-oxide synthase, bacterial [EC:1.14.14.47] K00542 GAMT; guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase [EC:2.1.1.2] K00613 GATM; glycine amidinotransferase [EC:2.1.4.1] K00657 speG, SAT; diamine N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.57] K00673 astA; arginine N-succinyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.109] K00797 speE, SRM, SPE3; spermidine synthase [EC:2.5.1.16] K00802 SMS; spermine synthase [EC:2.5.1.22] K00811 ASP5; aspartate aminotransferase, chloroplastic [EC:2.6.1.1] K00812 aspB; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1] K00813 aspC; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1] K00819 rocD, OAT; ornithine--oxo-acid transaminase [EC:2.6.1.13] K00824 dat; D-alanine transaminase [EC:2.6.1.21] K00840 astC; succinylornithine aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.81] K00931 proB; glutamate 5-kinase [EC:2.7.2.11] K00933 E2.7.3.2; creatine kinase [EC:2.7.3.2] K00934 E2.7.3.3; arginine kinase [EC:2.7.3.3] K01259 pip; proline iminopeptidase [EC:3.4.11.5] K01426 E3.5.1.4, amiE; amidase [EC:3.5.1.4] K01470 E3.5.2.10; creatinine amidohydrolase [EC:3.5.2.10] K01473 hyuA; N-methylhydantoinase A [EC:3.5.2.14] K01474 hyuB; N-methylhydantoinase B [EC:3.5.2.14] K01476 rocF, arg; arginase [EC:3.5.3.1] K01480 speB; agmatinase [EC:3.5.3.11] K01484 astB; succinylarginine dihydrolase [EC:3.5.3.23] K01485 codA; cytosine/creatinine deaminase [EC:3.5.4.1 3.5.4.21] K01581 E4.1.1.17, ODC1, speC, speF; ornithine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.17] K01583 E4.1.1.19; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19] K01584 adiA; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19] K01585 speA; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19] K01611 speD, AMD1; S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.50] K01750 ocd; ornithine cyclodeaminase [EC:4.3.1.12] K01777 prdF; proline racemase [EC:5.1.1.4] K02626 pdaD; arginine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.19] K03343 puo; putrescine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.10] K03365 FCY1; cytosine/creatinine deaminase [EC:3.5.4.1 3.5.4.21] K05526 astE; succinylglutamate desuccinylase [EC:3.5.1.96] K05604 CNDP1; beta-Ala-His dipeptidase [EC:3.4.13.20] K06447 astD; succinylglutamic semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.71] K08660 CNDP2; cytosolic nonspecific dipeptidase [EC:3.4.13.18] K08687 E3.5.1.59; N-carbamoylsarcosine amidase [EC:3.5.1.59] K08688 E3.5.3.3; creatinase [EC:3.5.3.3] K09123 lhpI; cis-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.171] K09251 patA; putrescine aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.82] K09470 puuA; gamma-glutamylputrescine synthase [EC:6.3.1.11] K09471 puuB, ordL; gamma-glutamylputrescine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.-] K09472 puuC, aldH; 4-(gamma-glutamylamino)butanal dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.99] K09473 puuD; gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase [EC:3.5.1.94] K10536 aguA; agmatine deiminase [EC:3.5.3.12] K10793 prdA; D-proline reductase (dithiol) PrdA [EC:1.21.4.1] K10794 prdB; D-proline reductase (dithiol) PrdB [EC:1.21.4.1] K11142 LAP3; cytosol aminopeptidase [EC:3.4.11.1 3.4.11.5] K11182 AOC1, ABP1; diamine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.22] K11358 yhdR; aspartate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.1] K11394 PRODH2; hydroxyproline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.3] K12251 aguB; N-carbamoylputrescine amidase [EC:3.5.1.53] K12252 aruH; arginine:pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.84] K12253 aruI; 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.75] K12254 kauB; 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase / NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.54 1.2.1.-] K12255 gbuA; guanidinobutyrase [EC:3.5.3.7] K12256 spuC; putrescine---pyruvate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.113] K12259 SMOX, PAO5; spermine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.16 1.5.3.-] K12657 ALDH18A1, P5CS; delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase [EC:2.7.2.11 1.2.1.41] K13240 NOS1; nitric-oxide synthase, brain [EC:1.14.13.39] K13241 NOS2; nitric-oxide synthase, inducible [EC:1.14.13.39] K13242 NOS3; nitric-oxide synthase, endothelial [EC:1.14.13.39] K13366 MPAO, PAO1; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.14 1.5.3.16 1.5.3.-] K13367 FMS1; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.17] K13427 NOA1; nitric-oxide synthase, plant [EC:1.14.13.39] K13746 cansdh; carboxynorspermidine synthase [EC:1.5.1.43] K13747 nspC; carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.96] K13821 putA; RHH-type transcriptional regulator, proline utilization regulon repressor / proline dehydrogenase / delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.2 1.2.1.88] K14085 ALDH7A1; aldehyde dehydrogenase family 7 member A1 [EC:1.2.1.31 1.2.1.8 1.2.1.3] K14329 ACT; agmatine coumaroyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.64 2.3.1.-] K14454 GOT1, AAT2; aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic [EC:2.6.1.1] K14455 GOT2; aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [EC:2.6.1.1] K14755 CRNS1, ATPGD1; carnosine synthase [EC:6.3.2.11] K17839 PAO4, PAO3, PAO2; polyamine oxidase [EC:1.5.3.17 1.5.3.-] K17851 dpd; D-proline dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.99.13] K18123 HOGA1; 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase [EC:4.1.3.16] K18384 L3HYPDH; trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.77] K19742 lhpI; 1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase [NAD(P)H] [EC:1.5.1.49] K19743 lhpI; 1-piperideine-2-carboxylate/1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate reductase [NAD(P)H] [EC:1.5.1.1] K21624 c3lhypd; cis-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.171] K21639 E1.4.3.25; L-arginine oxidase [EC:1.4.3.25] K21672 ord; 2,4-diaminopentanoate dehydrogenase [EC:1.4.1.12 1.4.1.26] K22548 lhpL; trans-L-3-hydroxyproline dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.77] K22842 MRP; L-glutamate-5-semialdehyde N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.271] K23121 pflD; trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline dehydratase K23233 ODH1; D-octopine dehydrogenase K24034 SPE3-LYS9; spermidine synthase / saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) K24952 noxA; nopaline oxidase subunit A K24953 noxB; nopaline oxidase subunit B K24954 ooxA; octopine oxidase subunit A K24955 ooxB; octopine oxidase subunit B K25365 gbh; guanidinobutyrase / D-arginase K27001 GDAH, AGMAT; taurocyamine/4-guanidinobutanoate/3-guanidinopropanoate hydrolase K27382 CKM; creatine kinase M-type K27502 capadh; carboxyaminopropylagmatine dehydrogenase K27542 argZ; arginine dihydrolase / ornithine cyclodeaminase K27545 argZ; arginine dihydrolase K27683 apauh; N1-aminopropylagmatine ureohydrolase K27684 capadc; carboxyaminopropylagmatine decarboxylase K28013 E4.3.1.12; ornithine cyclodeaminase COMPOUND C00012 Peptide C00019 S-Adenosyl-L-methionine C00022 Pyruvate C00025 L-Glutamate C00048 Glyoxylate C00062 L-Arginine C00077 L-Ornithine C00086 Urea C00134 Putrescine C00148 L-Proline C00179 Agmatine C00213 Sarcosine C00223 p-Coumaroyl-CoA C00300 Creatine C00315 Spermidine C00334 4-Aminobutanoate C00406 Feruloyl-CoA C00431 5-Aminopentanoate C00436 N-Carbamoylputrescine C00441 L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde C00533 Nitric oxide C00555 4-Aminobutyraldehyde C00581 Guanidinoacetate C00750 Spermine C00763 D-Proline C00791 Creatinine C00884 Homocarnosine C00986 1,3-Diaminopropane C01035 4-Guanidinobutanoate C01043 N-Carbamoylsarcosine C01110 5-Amino-2-oxopentanoic acid C01137 S-Adenosylmethioninamine C01157 Hydroxyproline C01165 L-Glutamate 5-semialdehyde C01250 N-Acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde C01682 Nopaline C02305 Phosphocreatine C02565 N-Methylhydantoin C02647 4-Guanidinobutanal C02714 N-Acetylputrescine C02946 4-Acetamidobutanoate C03078 4-Guanidinobutanamide C03166 Phosphoguanidinoacetate C03287 L-Glutamyl 5-phosphate C03296 N2-Succinyl-L-arginine C03375 Norspermidine C03415 N2-Succinyl-L-ornithine C03564 1-Pyrroline-2-carboxylate C03771 5-Guanidino-2-oxopentanoate C03912 (S)-1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate C04137 Octopine C04281 L-1-Pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate C05147 trans-3-Hydroxy-L-proline C05931 N-Succinyl-L-glutamate C05932 N-Succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde C05933 N(omega)-Hydroxyarginine C05936 N4-Acetylaminobutanal C05938 L-4-Hydroxyglutamate semialdehyde C05945 L-Arginine phosphate C05946 (4R)-4-Hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate C05947 L-erythro-4-Hydroxyglutamate C10497 Feruloylputrescine C15699 gamma-L-Glutamylputrescine C15700 gamma-Glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyraldehyde C15767 4-(L-gamma-Glutamylamino)butanoate C18172 Carboxyspermidine C18174 Carboxynorspermidine C18326 p-Coumaroylputrescine C19706 cis-3-Hydroxy-L-proline C20560 N1-(3-Aminopropyl)agmatine C22886 N1-[(S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]agmatine REFERENCE PMID:5288244 AUTHORS Haake P, Allen GW. TITLE Studies on phosphorylation by phosphoroguanidinates. The mechanism of action of creatine: ATP transphosphorylase (creatine kinase). JOURNAL Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68:2691-3 (1971) DOI:10.1073/pnas.68.11.2691 REFERENCE PMID:16499623 AUTHORS Kurihara S, Oda S, Kumagai H, Suzuki H. TITLE Gamma-glutamyl-gamma-aminobutyrate hydrolase in the putrescine utilization pathway of Escherichia coli K-12. JOURNAL FEMS Microbiol Lett 256:318-23 (2006) DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00137.x REFERENCE PMID:15590624 AUTHORS Kurihara S, Oda S, Kato K, Kim HG, Koyanagi T, Kumagai H, Suzuki H. TITLE A novel putrescine utilization pathway involves gamma-glutamylated intermediates of Escherichia coli K-12. JOURNAL J Biol Chem 280:4602-8 (2005) DOI:10.1074/jbc.M411114200 REL_PATHWAY ko00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) ko00220 Arginine biosynthesis ko00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism ko00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism ko00270 Cysteine and methionine metabolism ko00310 Lysine degradation ko00410 beta-Alanine metabolism ko00470 D-Amino acid metabolism ko00480 Glutathione metabolism ko00630 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism ko00650 Butanoate metabolism ko00770 Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis ko00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis ///