ENTRY ko00300 Pathway NAME Lysine biosynthesis CLASS Metabolism; Amino acid metabolism PATHWAY_MAP ko00300 Lysine biosynthesis MODULE M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00030 Lysine biosynthesis, AAA pathway, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-aminoadipate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00031 Lysine biosynthesis, mediated by LysW, 2-aminoadipate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00433 Lysine biosynthesis, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-oxoadipate [PATH:ko00300] M00525 Lysine biosynthesis, acetyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00526 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP dehydrogenase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:ko00300] M00608 2-Oxocarboxylic acid chain extension, 2-oxoglutarate => 2-oxoadipate => 2-oxopimelate => 2-oxosuberate [PATH:ko00300] DBLINKS GO: 0009085 ORTHOLOGY K00003 hom; homoserine dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.3] K00133 asd; aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [EC:1.2.1.11] K00143 LYS2; L-2-aminoadipate reductase [EC:1.2.1.95] K00215 dapB; 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate reductase [EC:1.17.1.8] K00290 LYS1; saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-lysine forming) [EC:1.5.1.7] K00293 LYS9; saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate forming) [EC:1.5.1.10] K00674 dapD; 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate N-succinyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.117] K00821 argD; acetylornithine/N-succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.11 2.6.1.17] K00825 AADAT, KAT2; kynurenine/2-aminoadipate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.7 2.6.1.39] K00838 ARO8; aromatic amino acid aminotransferase I / 2-aminoadipate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.57 2.6.1.39 2.6.1.27 2.6.1.5] K00841 patA; aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.-] K00928 lysC; aspartate kinase [EC:2.7.2.4] K01439 dapE; succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase [EC:3.5.1.18] K01586 lysA; diaminopimelate decarboxylase [EC:4.1.1.20] K01655 LYS21, LYS20; homocitrate synthase [EC:2.3.3.14] K01705 LYS4; homoaconitate hydratase [EC:4.2.1.36] K01714 dapA; 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase [EC:4.3.3.7] K01778 dapF; diaminopimelate epimerase [EC:5.1.1.7] K01798 alr-murF; Alr-MurF fusion protein K01928 murE; UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate--2,6-diaminopimelate ligase [EC:6.3.2.13] K01929 murF; UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide--D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase [EC:6.3.2.10] K03340 dapdh; diaminopimelate dehydrogenase [EC:1.4.1.16] K05822 dapH, dapD; tetrahydrodipicolinate N-acetyltransferase [EC:2.3.1.89] K05823 dapL; N-acetyldiaminopimelate deacetylase [EC:3.5.1.47] K05824 LYS12; homoisocitrate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.87] K05825 LYSN; 2-aminoadipate transaminase [EC:2.6.1.-] K05827 lysX; [lysine-biosynthesis-protein LysW]---L-2-aminoadipate ligase [EC:6.3.2.43] K05828 lysZ, argB; [amino group carrier protein]-L-2-aminoadipate/L-glutamate 6-kinase [EC:2.7.2.17 2.7.2.19] K05829 lysY, argC; [amino group carrier protein]-6-phospho-L-2-aminoadipate/5-phospho-L-glutamate reductase [EC:1.2.1.103 1.2.1.106] K05830 lysJ, argD; [amino-group carrier protein]-gamma-(L-lysyl/L-ornithyl)-L-glutamate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.118 2.6.1.124] K05831 lysK, argE; [amino group carrier protein]-lysine/ornithine hydrolase [EC:3.5.1.130 3.5.1.132] K10206 E2.6.1.83; LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.83] K10977 aksA; methanogen homocitrate synthase [EC:2.3.3.14 2.3.3.-] K10978 aksF; methanogen homoisocitrate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.87 1.1.1.-] K12524 thrA; bifunctional aspartokinase / homoserine dehydrogenase 1 [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3] K12525 metL; bifunctional aspartokinase / homoserine dehydrogenase 2 [EC:2.7.2.4 1.1.1.3] K12526 lysAC; bifunctional diaminopimelate decarboxylase / aspartate kinase [EC:4.1.1.20 2.7.2.4] K14267 dapC; N-succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.17] K15792 murEF; MurE/MurF fusion protein [EC:6.3.2.13 6.3.2.10] K16180 pylB; methylornithine synthase [EC:5.4.99.58] K16181 pylC; 3-methylornithine--L-lysine ligase [EC:6.3.2.59] K16182 pylD; 3-methylornithyl-N6-L-lysine dehydrogenase [EC:1.4.1.-] K16792 aksD; methanogen homoaconitase large subunit [EC:4.2.1.114] K16793 aksE; methanogen homoaconitase small subunit [EC:4.2.1.114] K17450 ACO2; homoaconitase [EC:4.2.1.-] K17753 HICDH; isocitrate--homoisocitrate dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.286] K24034 SPE3-LYS9; spermidine synthase / saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) K25032 K25032; alpha-aminoadipate-LysW ligase/glutamate-LysW ligase COMPOUND C00024 Acetyl-CoA C00026 2-Oxoglutarate C00047 L-Lysine C00049 L-Aspartate C00263 L-Homoserine C00322 2-Oxoadipate C00441 L-Aspartate 4-semialdehyde C00449 N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine C00666 LL-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioate C00680 meso-2,6-Diaminoheptanedioate C00956 L-2-Aminoadipate C01251 (R)-2-Hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate C03082 4-Phospho-L-aspartate C03871 L-2-Amino-6-oxoheptanedioate C03972 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydrodipicolinate C04002 (Z)-But-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate C04076 L-2-Aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde C04390 N6-Acetyl-LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate C04421 N-Succinyl-LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate C04462 N-Succinyl-2-L-amino-6-oxoheptanedioate C04877 UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelate C04882 UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-6-carboxy-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine C05535 alpha-Aminoadipoyl-S-acyl enzyme C05539 N-Acetyl-L-2-amino-6-oxopimelate C05560 L-2-Aminoadipate adenylate C05662 Homoisocitrate C16138 L-Pyrrolysine C19886 LysW-gamma-L-alpha-aminoadipate C19887 LysW-gamma-L-alpha-aminoadipyl 6-phosphate C19888 LysW-gamma-L-alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde C19889 LysW-gamma-L-lysine C20258 (2S,4S)-4-Hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate C20277 (2R,3R)-3-Methylornithine C20278 (2R,3R)-3-Methylornithinyl-N6-lysine C20279 (2R,3R)-3-Methylglutamyl-5-semialdehyde-N6-lysine REFERENCE PMID:10074354 AUTHORS Ledwidge R, Blanchard JS. TITLE The dual biosynthetic capability of N-acetylornithine aminotransferase in arginine and lysine biosynthesis. JOURNAL Biochemistry 38:3019-3024 (1999) DOI:10.1021/bi982574a REFERENCE PMID:10850974 AUTHORS Fuchs TM, Schneider B, Krumbach K, Eggeling L, Gross R. TITLE Characterization of a bordetella pertussis diaminopimelate (DAP) biosynthesis locus identifies dapC, a novel gene coding for an N-succinyl-L,L-DAP aminotransferase. JOURNAL J Bacteriol 182:3626-3631 (2000) DOI:10.1128/JB.182.13.3626-3631.2000 REFERENCE PMID:10714900 AUTHORS Zabriskie TM, Jackson MD. TITLE Lysine biosynthesis and metabolism in fungi. JOURNAL Nat Prod Rep 17:85-97 (2000) DOI:10.1039/A801345D REFERENCE PMID:14627808 AUTHORS Rodionov DA, Vitreschak AG, Mironov AA, Gelfand MS. TITLE Regulation of lysine biosynthesis and transport genes in bacteria: yet another RNA riboswitch? JOURNAL Nucleic Acids Res 31:6748-57 (2003) DOI:10.1093/nar/gkg900 REFERENCE PMID:12355264 AUTHORS Velasco AM, Leguina JI, Lazcano A. TITLE Molecular evolution of the lysine biosynthetic pathways. JOURNAL J Mol Evol 55:445-59 (2002) DOI:10.1007/s00239-002-2340-2 REFERENCE PMID:15256574 AUTHORS Miyazaki T, Miyazaki J, Yamane H, Nishiyama M. TITLE alpha-Aminoadipate aminotransferase from an extremely thermophilic bacterium, Thermus thermophilus. JOURNAL Microbiology 150:2327-34 (2004) DOI:10.1099/mic.0.27037-0 REFERENCE PMID:12126930 AUTHORS Goh DL, Patel A, Thomas GH, Salomons GS, Schor DS, Jakobs C, Geraghty MT. TITLE Characterization of the human gene encoding alpha-aminoadipate aminotransferase (AADAT). JOURNAL Mol Genet Metab 76:172-80 (2002) DOI:10.1016/S1096-7192(02)00037-9 REFERENCE PMID:15160885 AUTHORS Nishiyama M. TITLE [Novel lysine biosynthesis: a key to elucidate evolution of metabolic and biosynthetic pathways] JOURNAL Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 49:758-63 (2004) REFERENCE PMID:10613839 AUTHORS Nishida H, Nishiyama M, Kobashi N, Kosuge T, Hoshino T, Yamane H. TITLE A prokaryotic gene cluster involved in synthesis of lysine through the amino adipate pathway: a key to the evolution of amino acid biosynthesis. JOURNAL Genome Res 9:1175-83 (1999) DOI:10.1101/gr.9.12.1175 REFERENCE PMID:12963379 AUTHORS Sakai H, Vassylyeva MN, Matsuura T, Sekine S, Gotoh K, Nishiyama M, Terada T, Shirouzu M, Kuramitsu S, Vassylyev DG, Yokoyama S. TITLE Crystal structure of a lysine biosynthesis enzyme, LysX, from Thermus thermophilus HB8. JOURNAL J Mol Biol 332:729-40 (2003) DOI:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00946-X REFERENCE PMID:16361515 AUTHORS Hudson AO, Singh BK, Leustek T, Gilvarg C. TITLE An LL-diaminopimelate aminotransferase defines a novel variant of the lysine biosynthesis pathway in plants. JOURNAL Plant Physiol 140:292-301 (2006) DOI:10.1104/pp.105.072629 REFERENCE PMID:19620981 AUTHORS Horie A, Tomita T, Saiki A, Kono H, Taka H, Mineki R, Fujimura T, Nishiyama C, Kuzuyama T, Nishiyama M TITLE Discovery of proteinaceous N-modification in lysine biosynthesis of Thermus thermophilus. JOURNAL Nat Chem Biol 5:673-9 (2009) DOI:10.1038/nchembio.198 REFERENCE PMID:21547300 AUTHORS Dairi T, Kuzuyama T, Nishiyama M, Fujii I TITLE Convergent strategies in biosynthesis. JOURNAL Nat Prod Rep 28:1054-86 (2011) DOI:10.1039/c0np00047g REFERENCE PMID:21550296 AUTHORS Gaston MA, Jiang R, Krzycki JA TITLE Functional context, biosynthesis, and genetic encoding of pyrrolysine. JOURNAL Curr Opin Microbiol 14:342-9 (2011) DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2011.04.001 REL_PATHWAY ko00010 Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis ko00020 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle) ko00250 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism ko00260 Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism ko00310 Lysine degradation ko00550 Peptidoglycan biosynthesis ko00620 Pyruvate metabolism ko00960 Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis ///